Cull buck is a term that’s for sure LOADED & can be somewhat subjective… folks interpret it so many different ways. It for sure is a term used far more on big ranches, say in Texas. Or larger farms. In raw terms- it’s “which animals do u want to take spaces & be doing the BREEDING”.
I’d loosely define it like this for iowa farms of any size IMHO…
Any iowa farm can support “only so many bucks”. If u have a 100 acres and there’s 3 mature bucks on a really good year that spend a good amount of time there, there’s no scenario where you’ll be like “I want to stack 15 mature bucks there!” Won’t happen. Any farm - there’s a limit on how many mature bucks can tolerate eachother…
*on the flip side, there’s farms with very few mature bucks and I would take “cull bucks” out of ones mind. I’d focus on mature bucks only. Unless there was maybe a crazy inferior buck that was super aggressive or some unique example.
ok, back to average farm…. U can only have “so many”…. Let’s say it’s 2 or 3 on xyz farm. Those 2 or 3 are gonna take that space & fight & keep several 2.5 to ___ (mature) bucks out of that area or off the structure for dominance. Thus making them subordinate or more likely to seek another area where they can be more dominate. So…. When u have an aggressive 110” 8 point that’s 4.5 or 5.5…. He’s taking up a spot & doing much of the breeding. He’s older & one would say “my farm can only hold so many. Is THIS a buck I want to take one of those rare spots up?” My answer is NO. That’s a CULL. Cull also means, IMO- I find a hunter who is thrilled to shoot that deer. It’s the same as a 6.5 year old 140” 10 point that I go “ya know, he’s not getting any bigger most likely, won’t be a giant. Taking up a spot, he’s RIPE to go!” A thrilled hunter gets to go after him. I also treat high scoring deer in a SOMEWHAT similar manner… they are also taking a spot up. But a spot I don’t mind them filling . I don’t have the urgency to “remove them” to create a spot. But in theory- if he’s absolutely peaked out for growth (irrelevant to 99.999% of public) at a very old age, time for him to go. That’s a “cull” in a sense in that he’s RIPE. Even if he’s 400” & 9.5 years old! . He’s then had years of breeding & it’s time to pick that fruit.
In very simplistic terms…. Understand how much competition your spot has by older bucks. Maybe it’s very little - cull can be removed from your thoughts. Or maybe u just target the super poor genetic bucks at an age u know they are lower quality. Then, remove bucks as they peaked. More emphasis on lower scoring in hopes of removing them so the coveted spots are filled by other bucks of unknown potential. Very concisely- 30 acres or 3000 acres will only hold so many dominate bucks. Target the low quality bucks as soon as you can assess them, ideally a bit sooner than good quality. Let good quality bucks get as old as possible & take those when ripe.
Is there a perfect system for this? NOPE. Exact science? NOPE. Subjective & extremely diverse based on the farm/situation? YEP. Smaller farm average hunters gonna pay attention to this? NOPE. Should u if you have desire, want the best herd & want to maximize your potential? ABSOLUTELY.
I’d loosely define it like this for iowa farms of any size IMHO…
Any iowa farm can support “only so many bucks”. If u have a 100 acres and there’s 3 mature bucks on a really good year that spend a good amount of time there, there’s no scenario where you’ll be like “I want to stack 15 mature bucks there!” Won’t happen. Any farm - there’s a limit on how many mature bucks can tolerate eachother…
*on the flip side, there’s farms with very few mature bucks and I would take “cull bucks” out of ones mind. I’d focus on mature bucks only. Unless there was maybe a crazy inferior buck that was super aggressive or some unique example.
ok, back to average farm…. U can only have “so many”…. Let’s say it’s 2 or 3 on xyz farm. Those 2 or 3 are gonna take that space & fight & keep several 2.5 to ___ (mature) bucks out of that area or off the structure for dominance. Thus making them subordinate or more likely to seek another area where they can be more dominate. So…. When u have an aggressive 110” 8 point that’s 4.5 or 5.5…. He’s taking up a spot & doing much of the breeding. He’s older & one would say “my farm can only hold so many. Is THIS a buck I want to take one of those rare spots up?” My answer is NO. That’s a CULL. Cull also means, IMO- I find a hunter who is thrilled to shoot that deer. It’s the same as a 6.5 year old 140” 10 point that I go “ya know, he’s not getting any bigger most likely, won’t be a giant. Taking up a spot, he’s RIPE to go!” A thrilled hunter gets to go after him. I also treat high scoring deer in a SOMEWHAT similar manner… they are also taking a spot up. But a spot I don’t mind them filling . I don’t have the urgency to “remove them” to create a spot. But in theory- if he’s absolutely peaked out for growth (irrelevant to 99.999% of public) at a very old age, time for him to go. That’s a “cull” in a sense in that he’s RIPE. Even if he’s 400” & 9.5 years old! . He’s then had years of breeding & it’s time to pick that fruit.
In very simplistic terms…. Understand how much competition your spot has by older bucks. Maybe it’s very little - cull can be removed from your thoughts. Or maybe u just target the super poor genetic bucks at an age u know they are lower quality. Then, remove bucks as they peaked. More emphasis on lower scoring in hopes of removing them so the coveted spots are filled by other bucks of unknown potential. Very concisely- 30 acres or 3000 acres will only hold so many dominate bucks. Target the low quality bucks as soon as you can assess them, ideally a bit sooner than good quality. Let good quality bucks get as old as possible & take those when ripe.
Is there a perfect system for this? NOPE. Exact science? NOPE. Subjective & extremely diverse based on the farm/situation? YEP. Smaller farm average hunters gonna pay attention to this? NOPE. Should u if you have desire, want the best herd & want to maximize your potential? ABSOLUTELY.