tall@wide
PMA Member
I agree high grading is a big problem. If hunters take the best genetic bucks and leave the poor, it doesn’t take a rocket scientist to figure out what happens over time. My home farm in southern Iowa contains a lot of poor genetic bucks. You can really gauge hunter pressure in a neighborhood by buck quality. The heavily hunted areas always contain tons of culls and poor genetics.Not doubt you will see a more balanced age class and an overall increase in antler size going to a one buck State. But not top end deer. You will high grade the herd. You will have tons of 130-140 class 8 points that get to 4,5,6,7 years old and virtually no 160+ inch deer over 3. The only people that will benefit from going to one buck initially is the large landowners as they will have enough cover and food to pull those young bucks onto their properties and hold them. Their only issue is being able to cull enough older low scoring bucks to keep the young studs that have the best genetics alive. Because when the 160+ bucks become the rare opportunity in the woods they only have to roam off the reservation one time to be killed. Over time even the large landowners won’t be able to overcome the high grading effects and will suffer the genetic consequences of 130-140” 8 points doing 90% of the breeding. Just look at the Amana colonies 20,000 acre debacle. Some of the best habitat in the State with abundant high quality tillable run into the ground by having a one buck policy for the last 20+ years right here in the Great State of Iowa. They used to produce several giants year in and year out. Now it’s rare. Now they are going back to 2 bucks but the damage has been done. The genetic pool has been compromised. It could take decades of culling to reverse the damage that was done. Only time will tell.
Just use some common sense and think about yourself if you are managing for 170”+ deer for example. Now think about all the money and time spent to put in food plots etc. Let alone the cost of the land. Let’s say after monitoring cameras all summer you have one 5 year old that is close to 170” on your farm that you are going to target. Are you going to be willing to burn your one and only buck tag in a one buck State on one of the five 130” 8 points on your farm or will you hold out til the last minute trying get the opportunity at your target buck? Then after season you find out a guy hunting a half mile away killed the 170” the last couple weeks of the season. Then the next year you have 7 130” 8 points and one 165” 10 that you believe is 4. You decide to pass to let him get to 5. He gets shot the last week of October a mile away chasing a doe. Now your just hoping a big boy moves into your farm for does during the rut or for food late season so you hold off taking out a cull because you only have one buck tag and who wants to shoot another 130” 8. You’re not spending thousands on food plots and box blinds to shoot 130” bucks. So you hold off. Before you know it you haven’t filled a buck tag for three, four, five years and so on. All the while you see more and more upper age class deer sporting 130” racks and less and less high scoring bucks. Now every neighbor that was kinda managing that used to try for 160”+ deer will shoot the first buck that breaks 150” regardless of age but still passes all the 130 class 8 points.
That is high grading. You will get an increase in average antler size, more balanced age structure and virtually no top end bucks.
If you manage the only thing you can control is yourself and your property. Having multiple buck tags is the best herd management tool in your arsenal. Just like a chainsaw is the best habitat tool in your arsenal. Both used correctly will yield tremendous results.
Cull those 130” 8 and let the better genetic bucks breed and get age on them. It helps you and the neighborhood regardless of what the neighbors are doing.
I’d rather have 50% of the hunters shooting 1 1/2 year old bucks as a land manager than those same guys targeting 160” bucks or even young 10 points. Because 160” bucks or young 10’s that could potentially reach 160”+ are far fewer across the landscape than 1 1/2 year olds.
Anyone that is serious about managing and wanting top end bucks that is pushing for one buck is advocating for their own demise in my opinion.
When you think of high grading. Take a look at Texas. The whole State was high graded to the point that anyone that wants to hunt higher scoring deer have to high fence their properties and stocked the place with better genetics. That is because the genetics have been compromised for decades and decades by guys trying for higher scoring 10 points and passing cull 8 points. The battle to bring it back by now culling 8 points will take more years than most guys have left to hunt. So the only option is to clear the landscape and just start over inside their high fence.
That is what will ultimately happen in Iowa on the larger managed farms. When land segmentation and high grading leads to widespread low scoring genetics. There will be no other alternative. There is no place left for the guys with money to flee to. Because there is really no other States with regulations conducive to growing top end bucks. Baiting, crossbows, and November gun seasons have basically ruined all the other midwest States.
Without increasing the overall deer population significantly and culling lower scoring bucks Iowa will continue down the high grading road. Just a question of how fast. Land segmentation speeds it up. Hard to slow that with land prices and everyone wanting there own place. Social media pimping big bucks for likes speeds it up. Hard to slow that with everyone on their phones 24/7. But if you want to really speed it up just go to a one buck State. We will be there in just 15-20 years. Just like the Amana Colonies accomplished.

