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Growing more Top Genetic Mature Bucks on your farm

Sligh1, This is an excellent thread and I commend your efforts...I'd like to offer my 2 cents based on decades of experience.

Protecting younger deer despite rack size is the correct thing to do, its all about age and there is nothing wrong with your goal of tagging 5 1/2 year old bucks. As time goes by you can always adjust this number upward based upon your success for holding deer through your overall management efforts, herd and habitat.

Doing everything on nutrition that you can do...excellent.

TSI for cover and browse...spot on.

Most doe shooting late in the season...I would recommend a change in execution here. We target does from opening day on for a multitude of reasons. rather than detail them all, I will attach an article.

Supplemental minerals or feeding (non-food plots)...don't do it for the health of your herd, disease etc.

Shooting any number of mature (5 1/2 by your standards) won't hurt a thing as you will always have younger deer moving up the ladder. However since I assume you are talking no or low fence, I would reconsider targeting all older inferior bucks. Even inferior bucks serve a purpose in your herd as competitors for does. This makes your buck population more visible throughout the season.

I think you are way underestimating the number of mature bucks 400 acres are capable of holding. See the thread on CWD real world where I discuss census.

I am copying an article I wrote years ago that may help explain some of my short answers above.


Play Musical Chairs…for bucks!
Bob Coine

When classic fall weather rolls in, complete with those frosty mornings beckoning to our age old hunting instincts, anticipation of a monster buck for the den is at an all-time high. Yes sir, this will be the year! Deer sign is all over the woods, from telltale running buck tracks in the mud, to rubs and scrapes littering the forest.

A hunter may sit for long hours on stand during the magical time of the year known as the rut, thinking wishful thoughts, mentally plotting where that new buck mount will be placed on the wall. All he needs is for that big boy to prance down the trail, and wham, bam, thank you maam, that brute of a buck will be wearing a tag!

Unfortunately, wishful thoughts alone won’t get it done on a consistent basis. Sitting all season, year after year without sweet success leaves us hungry for an opportunity, and probably frustrated. What the heck is going on? Where did the studs go? This is mid-November, and if it wasn’t for the sign, I’d swear there isn’t a big boy on the place! It must be that dreaded…lockdown!

If this scenario sounds familiar to you, I’d like to extend a helping hand. I know I can help, because early in my hunting career I also endured years of frustration attempting to tag a mature White-tailed buck. That time is well in the past now, thank goodness.

Let’s find out where we will find the key to unlock lockdown forever. But before we do, let’s analyze and understand why we are having difficulty sighting, much less tagging the mature bucks that we know are all around us.

The latest buzzword in the hunting industry is lockdown. I have no idea who coined this particular phrase, but it sure has caught on like wildfire. According to many magazine articles and TV shows, lockdown is the reason we don’t see mature bucks during the rut. The bucks are “locked down” with does for breeding purposes, and therefore they are not visible. Makes perfect sense, doesn’t it?

Fortunately for us, this is America and we don’t have to participate in anything, with the exception of death and taxes. So how do we choose not to participate in lockdown? The answer lies in sound management.

First let’s analyze why these fully mature bucks aren’t visible in the first place. A typical hunting property today is loaded with deer. Deer populations are at an all time high in virtually every locale the Whitetail calls home. In many areas, does outnumber bucks handily.

A biological fact is that a buck will stay with a doe on average for 48 hours while she is in breeding condition. Most does will come into estrous, or heat at about the same time. Lockdown begins to look like a simple math problem.

My favorite analogy is the children’s party game, musical chairs. However this game will play afield, and the players should be mature bucks, and the chairs in this analogy, are the does.

Everyone looks forward to the once per year party, and anxiously awaits the sweet sound of the music. Suddenly the music stops in November, and there are more chairs (does) than players (bucks). All the mature bucks pair up for 48 hours, and the music starts again. With all these chairs available, the players don’t need to spend time looking for them. Even immature bucks can participate freely! Just look at all those chairs!

Now what if we snuck into the party early, and took home boatloads of chairs before the music even started. Well there would be a whole lot less chairs to go around, and the players would have to compete for the chairs available. Now the big boys would have to go looking for those hard to find chairs. And the uninvited youngsters would have to keep a keen eye out for those physically intimidating older players, lest they risk physical abuse by attempting to crash the party intended for the adults.

All of a sudden, our hunter sitting on stand begins to see bucks looking for those difficult to find does. And when a doe is spotted, she can really attract quite a following. The bucks that find her must now compete with each other for the opportunity to breed her. Then they must defend her from constant challenges from other bucks, and this all takes place 24 hours a day, which of course includes daytime when we are on stand.

If we indeed have more bucks on our hunting property than does that are ready to be bred right now, the un-paired bucks will have to be busy trying to locate an available hot doe. Makes sense, doesn’t it?

Sometimes the most difficult challenges can be solved very simply. But in the real world there will be solid questions that will answered. The most common question I’m asked is… “when is the best time to tag these does?” I have found the best time to harvest a doe, is when she is in front of me!

We are bombarded by the big buck stories, and some folks feel pressure to tag a trophy to validate their hunting prowess. This pressure can lead to a buck or nothing mentality. The possibilities are endless when that little voice starts talking to us. “If I shoot this doe in front of me, it may cost me an opportunity at a nearby-unseen buck.” “If I shoot these does, they won’t be here to attract the bucks later during the rut. If I bag this doe, I’ll have to field dress and process her reducing my time on stand.”

I’m sure you have heard that little voice talking to you, I know I have too. This is where you get to say something back to that little voice… “Be quiet voice, and watch me take control of my own destiny!” At this point we are no longer just hunters, but hunter-managers. We make decisions for the betterment of the herd and the environment. The by-product of being a proactive hunter manager in this manner just happens to be more bucks on the wall!

Here at the home farm, we work hard at building our Whitetail Paradise, intensively managing habitat including food plots, and enhancing cover. But I believe we are consistently successful putting great bucks on the wall because of our doe hunting. We hunt does from opening day through the end of our deer season. We enjoy the close up challenge of tagging them with archery gear, and we also look forward to the longer-range possibilities afforded during our brief Illinois gun seasons.

Simply put, my friends and I see ourselves as doe hunters who also happen to tag nice bucks. By embracing this philosophy, and adopting this self-image, we don’t have to deal with lockdown, and neither do you!

So the next time you hear about lockdown, take satisfaction in the fact that you realize lockdown is just a term applied to a property with a poor buck to doe ratio, and the person speaking of lockdown probably never played musical chairs…or applied it to his deer hunting!

If you’d like to learn more about managing your hunting property and your deer herd, visit www.Heartlandillinois.com, the home of Building Whitetail Paradise.
 
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Since it's a thread asking for input on management decisions, I don't think he'll mine.;)



You are referring to studies that do not have the age structure that he is trying to acheive. With common hunting pressure most areas of the country have age structures similar to that in those studies. However, if you change the age structure to where there are more older class bucks, there will for sure be less breeding by younger bucks, thus giving the chance for larger genetics to prevail.



Genetics do not change with age so this theory only works if you are letting the superior scoring bucks walk year after year while shooting scrubs.
 
He was copy/pasting in his article- that's why it was so long. Good article. I see your point. It's so interesting on the TWO points of view on this subject and they are 180 degrees different. I agree with your stance on taking does early creating a more severe rut/chase & competition. I also see the point of view that it will make those bucks far more likely to go to your neighbor's ground that has all that abundance of does. I think Charles Alsheimer was the one who wrote the articles on shooting does late SO all the bucks didn't leave to go to your neighbor's farm who didn't shoot all the does and had all the does for the bucks to breed. I TOTALLY see both points of view. Great points and very interesting!!! Thanks!
 
Genetics do not change with age so this theory only works if you are letting the superior scoring bucks walk year after year while shooting scrubs.


My point was that if you have more mature bucks doing the breeding vs. younger bucks, better genetics will prevail over time because the larger bodied, larger racked dominate bucks will be doing the breeding. The smaller bodied, smaller racked mature bucks will loose out.

Everyone is always quick to point out the exception to every management concept. There will always be exceptions. The reality is everything that we do as managers has a very small impact on the deer herd, but small is better than no impact, and the sum of those small impacts over time amounts to a noticable improvement. Many years ago most people in the midwest still thought it was "foolish" to pass up small bucks because their neighbor would shoot them anyways. By now most of us have finally realized that your neighbor is going to do what he is going to do, but the little things that each of us can do really do make a difference. Management shouldn't be about worrying about what can go wrong, it should be about implementing practices that improve things over time.
 
My point was that if you have more mature bucks doing the breeding vs. younger bucks, better genetics will prevail over time because the larger bodied, larger racked dominate bucks will be doing the breeding. The smaller bodied, smaller racked mature bucks will loose out.

Everyone is always quick to point out the exception to every management concept. There will always be exceptions. The reality is everything that we do as managers has a very small impact on the deer herd, but small is better than no impact, and the sum of those small impacts over time amounts to a noticable improvement. Many years ago most people in the midwest still thought it was "foolish" to pass up small bucks because their neighbor would shoot them anyways. By now most of us have finally realized that your neighbor is going to do what he is going to do, but the little things that each of us can do really do make a difference. Management shouldn't be about worrying about what can go wrong, it should be about implementing practices that improve things over time.

Very well said!!!! I couldn't agree more!
 
First time I have posted. You guys have a great site, and this a very interesting thread. I have managed my 620 acre farm for the last 14 years as you do, except I put more pressure on the more aggressive, average bucks at 3 and 4 years old. It seems that if allowed to reach 5 years old, more times than not the best areas will be dominated by big bodied average bucks. I try to identify the better bucks at 2 or 3 and remove the average, homebody bucks at 3 or 4, before they get too smart or become a problem in november. I know that I am not doing anything that will change the genetics long term. I am just trying to help the bucks I want to see run the farm, by removeing some of the competition. I have had 5 bucks on the farm that I know of, go over 200 inches, includeing a 200+ inch non-typical I shot with my bow during the late season this year.There is nothing like watching a buck for years, praying he makes it one more year, and then actually getting him.
 
The folks who preach late season doe kill operate on a false premise on several levels. First off your bucks are working hard to breed "dead" does causing additional stress, and increased mortality. After intensive doe harvest year after year, you have orphaned many buck fawns and a high percentage of these fawns will not disperse (based on radio telemetry studies), and a high percentage will have a smaller home range (including your 400 acre property)...including during the rut. While visiting with James Kroll, he put it this way, deer don't have the capacity to think "Are there does across the fence?" If you orphan them, provide for all their needs with a smart habitat plan (which you are), they for the most part will not leave even if there are not many does. There is much more to this discussion of course, but for the sake of being brief, those are some points I'd like to pass along. Good luck with your plans!
 
I'm going to throw a little spin on this, although I strongly believe that "any" management is better than none. Skip don't assume that your bucks are always going to go to your neighbors based on you shooting does early on your place. Many recent studies by some big name biologists including Alsheimer are finding that does will travel up to 7 miles in a night just before they come into estrous, due to their circadian rhythms changing based on photoperiod. There has been a theory of bucks not being the only ones to "cruise" during the rut. I won't get to far in depth on this as I'm sure many of you guys have read these studies as well, but I think when guys are sitting there best stand in mid November and a "new" buck shows up that they have never seen or one that they assumed disappeared comes through, or a stud gets killed on the neighbors chasing a doe during the rut, we always just assume that he left on his own. What I'm trying to say is that it is becoming more likely that the doe may have come and got him in some sense. I am of the belief that there are way to many factors that come into play when trying to manage a property and you always have to plan for the unknown or unseen if that is possible. I try to make it as simple as I can, pass young bucks, provide plenty of nutrition for the whole year, keep the herd balanced ie. cull does, and don't over pressure the farm you are managing. Which brings us to the topic of when to shoot does? This is where the the major variation in opinions comes into play. For an example I will use Skip's 315 acres that he recently sold. That is a good chunk of land and based on how much timber and layout of the farm, chances are that you could have up to let's say for sake of argument, 3-5 small herds or family groups of deer living on that farm at any given time. If he was to decide to cull his does early in the year he is more than likely going to be hunting food sources and not touching bedding areas or timber. BUT this is still intrusion of some sort and any time you take a mature doe you are going to mess with the balance of the deer and how they act. I know the goal is to kill mature bucks and if you want to do that consistently, lack of overall intrusion and pressure is the best remedy. Thus I agree with you on taking the does late season, and I can completely see both sides of the argument here. My personal feeling is that if you are going to take your does during late season, you just have to take into account that you are potentially taking more than 1 deer and adjust accordingly. I have never been a big proponent of the what if argument, ie. what if you shoot a doe that was bred by a dominant buck? What if you shoot a doe that has 3 fawns in her? The only thing we can control are the deer that are here now and living, as there are way to many variables that may keep unborn fawns from living anyway. I truly believe that managing a farm is a year to year process and needs to be assessed every year, plan for the long term, but focus on the short term! Regardless, it's fun though isn't it :way:
 
I personally don't know the correct answer on when to harvest the does but I will share my experience lately on one of my friends farms. Three years ago we decided to shoot as many does as we could just to see what our rut would be like in the following years. We figured we'd see all kinds of cruising bucks out looking hard for does.

This is small timber. A few small rideges, several sinkholes, and a few small blocks of timber 5-10 acres. Lots of crop ground and to the north some bigger timber. Their wasn't a ton of does in the first place but in two years we probably killed 15 or so does.

This fall we were getting quite a few bucks on camera in early Oct. and big sign was showing up all over. Every little piece you stepped in was torn up. Come November you couldn't find a buck if you tried. A few all day sits in prime rut turned up 1-2 deer sightings. It was odd to say the least. Another kid I speak to regularly hunted north of us closer to the bigger timber. He had some excellent hunts in Nov. Several times seeing 3-4 shooter bucks and 15-20 deer per sit. He was hunting less than a half mile North of the 2-3 hundred acres we were hunting.

I feel we had our opportunity early to kill mature bucks but once they were on the ladies they were gone. Not wanting to put to much pressure on these small woodlots we opted to hunt them just a couple times early and then put our time in during Nov.

I'm sure there are several factors that contribute but it was interesting none the less...
 
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