Like above and which I think most folks understand, I'm happy to explain the connection of biology with season timing.... Biology of course when referring to deer would be: origin, behavior, changing thru age, distribution. "Healthy biology" among deer would be argued by most (and I agree)... A well balanced deer herd with reasonable buck to doe ratios, good age structures (.5 to FULLY MATURE and everything in between), health of ecosystem (habitat, disease, impact to other animals, etc). Explanations on a balanced deer herd with a structured and variety of age classes, new maturing deer each year - we probably don't need to get into that.
So.... The STRONG connection..... in VERY BASIC AND VERY SHORT TERMS.... You put hundreds of thousands of guys with rifles out when bucks are vulnerable, fairly stupid, completely visible and going insane - those bucks will be mowed down very quickly. And we all know the masses are not real picky, especially at 200 yards. Why states like MI where I grew up has 60%++ (some show as much as 80%) of a kill comprised of 1 year old bucks. You put the gun season out 2 weeks - those "stupid" animals finally get control of their crazy horny rampage and don't have the opportunity to venture half a mile a day in front of half a dozen rifle-toters. The bucks in turn, with a late gun season, have relative peace with limited bow hunters pursuing. Making the ability for them to be at the highest guard during gun season when they have their natural guards up. ( MAYBE IN AREAS WITH FEW OR NO HUNTERS -OUT WEST, CANADA, ETC- it's not near the issue - let's focus on midwest on to the east coast here where we have every block of timber filled with plenty of hunters & pressure).
So, really, does anyone not think having the gun season in Dec saves an immense amount of young bucks especially and allows for a huge amount of deer to reach maturity VS the same area with a gun season 2 weeks earlier or in peak rut??!?!?! Really?!?!?!??! Put rifles and shotguns in any hundred thousand guy's hands during peak rut- sorry- good things for MANAGEMENT AND BIOLOGY OF THE HERD are NOT HAPPENING.
So.... The connection - the rare states that have the late gun season FACTUALLY have a far better age structure on buck harvests (need evidence?). Far better at mimicking the NATURAL MAKE-UP of what Mother-Nature intended for deer (which we'll never see but obviously many deer also live to 9-10 for bucks I believe and 10-14 for does on avg I think) with varying age structures. COMPETITION FOR THE STRONGEST ANIMALS!!! STRONGEST ANIMALS DOING THE BREEDING. THE STRONG SURVIVE in a state which has a variation of age structures and bucks fighting and competing to breed. Competition to breed is a biological discussion in itself & is almost eliminated or a rare-occurance in the states blown to piss for age structure DUE TO GUNS IN PEAK RUT.
We have shown in Iowa - we can quickly change deer #'s even with a late gun season. We have a huge variance in most areas for age classes of bucks and ample supply (early gun states in other similar states and populated areas do not or not near to the degree - again, look at any stats for that & kill data: PA, MI, MN, NY, etc). We attract droves of hunters from the early gun states to hunt our "QUALITY" managed state and few of our folks venture there. Most the habitat in Iowa, OH, KS, etc is well managed and carrying capacity is often well in check. Our herd behaves more as mother nature intended, different age classes and challengers for breeding fighting and trying to allow the strong to survive. Most state's bucks/hunting, such as MI are like 15 year old boys chasing women- it could work but sure isn't right or natural.
Quality herd will of course have 5 million opinions, I get that. If we cut the crap and shortened this way to its baseline.... Iowa is QUALITY (as of now) and you take that for what it's worth or can read into. And Michigan, for example, is the poster-child for CRAP and garbage management. If you think a rifling down of a year old buck in MI on Nov 15 is quality (along with half a million other dudes doing the same, and what you CAN expect for the vast masses) than we simply have differing OPINIONS of what quality is.