I have seen more deer this year than ever before
Awesome! Thanks for sharing the pics and report! :way:
November 26th, 2011
These threads are meant to be teaching tools to provide landowners with information and options to help them dramatically improve their habitat and their ability to hold mature whitetails on their property. The answers to the habitat puzzle however do not lie within the parameters of any on single subject (thread) but rather a combination of ALL the threads, ALL the crops and habitat improvements together. Unfortunately many people forget this and concentrate on only one element which by itself is only one piece of the puzzle so I encourage everyone to learn all they can about everything from apple trees to switchgrass, hinging to Egyptian Wheat, brassicas to milo and then put the right pieces of the puzzle together to build a successful habitat program.
In this thread I share the attributes of the following combination...
Winter rye 50-80#'s per acre (56#'s = a bushel)
Spring oats 80-120#'s per acre (32#'s = a bushel)
Austrian Winter Peas or 4010/6040 Forage peas 20-80#'s per acre
Red Clover 8-12#'s per acre or white clover at 6#'s per acre
Groundhog Forage Radish 5#'s per acre
The assumption here is that each of you will have spent a little time in reading about these crops to know if they have any limitations on your soils or climates but let's briefly cover them here.
Winter rye can grow on almost any soils almost anywhere with the exception of the far deep south such as southern Florida or extremely arid areas of places like Texas. It thrives on everything from sandy to clay and only very flooded areas, deep muck soils or extremely alkaline soils are likely to affect it. This makes winter rye and extremely effective tool for most landowners, many of who are dealing with less then desirable soils.
Oats are not far behind rye but will not fare as well on very poor soils so some testing may be required to see how they fare on yours.
Forage Peas are pretty adaptable but are cool season crops that need reasonable soil moisture, fertility and cool temps to thrive but in most of the nation from the much of the south to the lower mid west to the far north, peas will usually do fairly well.
Forage radish...needs higher levels of soil moisture and plenty of nitrogen to thrive so while it may survive on most soils it may not amount to much on extremely droughty soils with very low organic matter.
Clovers both white and red clovers are very adaptable but will not do well or even fail completely on very sandy dry soils. They do best on clay or clay loams soils but will also do well on loamy soils with good moisture. Some annual clovers such as Crimson or Arrowleaf may be a better option on poor soils and Alsike clover works well in low areas that tend to be a bit alkaline.
The reason for the clovers in this mix is two fold, first to provide a summer long food source the spring and summer following the fall planting of this mix, to help meet our goals of holding deer year around. Secondly to provide a source of nitrogen (clovers are legumes that fix their own nitrogen) that once killed, will be released to the subsequent crop as the clover plants decompose. This also provides up to 2 1/2 tons of biomass (organic matter) to help enrich our soils and in turn allows us to grow better food sources more economically.
All of that of course is the short version and there is much much more to be learned about each individual crop and how each one not only is highly attractive to deer but also tremendous soil builders as well.
For those with very sandy droughty soils that will not grow clover, your goal should be to build soils up so that in time it can support clovers of some kind or another. Hairy vetch is a great alternative to add to this mix and then till under the following early summer at which point crops like buckwheat or forage sorghum could be used a short term cover crops that can be tilled under green to further build your soils.
The mix i share will work for the lions share of the country and some of elements of it will work for 95% of those interested in both feeding whitetails and building soils but each of you must do your own due diligence and research and then test for your self and see what works best for you.
It's late November...temps have been in the upper teens, the rut is on the downward side and doe groups are returning to more normal activity....namely storing fat reserves for the long cold winter ahead.
These are pics of the above posted mix planted on fair soils (40 CSR) with 400#'s 6-28-28, 200#'s 46-0-0 and 400#'s pel lime added at planting (that much fertilizer is not necessary yearly for this mix but was used to initially replace/replenish abused soils)
Grazing is obvious...
Note here the beautiful clover seedlings well on their way! No better time to establish perennial clovers then in the fall with this rye combination mix! In the spring these clovers will be lush and thick long before spring planting is even underway!
Here you can see every element of the mix and how they all are able to thrive together, each fulfilling a purpose to both feed deer and improve soils.
Even though well fertilized and obviously healthy and lush, whitetails have kept it grazed to 3-6" high
If they were not grazed they would be more then a foot high as we see here
The Groundhog forage radish is now being sought out with a vengeance!
and not only tops but roots are now the target of hungry whitetails!
This mix you see, provides a near perfect balance or blend of crops that each grow and work in unison in every aspect. The rye and oats grow quickly and provide lush highly palatable grazing within weeks after planting. They can grow on
almost any soils and climates and both highly sought after by deer.
Forage peas are a no brainer...deer candy and I doubt few people would argue this fact. The radish plants grow on the side lines at first because deer rarely focus on them until they are 30-45 days old which works perfectly because it allows them to grow and put down the roots they are famous for, roots that will be attractive later in the season and serve a valuable purpose in our efforts to build our soils.
Clovers...silently growing, almost unseen and all but forgotten this fall, yet next spring they will provide the most economical source of high quality protein available to us! As mentioned for some, soils will not allow planting white or red clovers and for those people there are other options but for the bulk of us from Georgia to Maine...they are the final piece of the puzzle in this part of the habitat pie.
Together...they keep whitetails beating a path to this plot year around, making them incredibly easy to pattern and...harvest...
NO CROP WILL BE SUCCESSFUL WITHOUT COVER
That point is all to often forgotten and the landowners are puzzled ad frustrated when they don't see the hoped for results from their food sources. Lack of deer sightings leads them to second guess their plantings and invariably leads them to try almost any seed they think will "cure the problem" when in fact the problem lies 100% in the fact they do not have enough cover or poor cover at best.
Every property should be 90 to 95% cover if at all possible, timber or NWSG or a combination of the two...sometimes difficult when ag crops make up the bulk of the farm. Those same crops then dilute the attraction to the food sources planted solely for deer and further frustrate the landowner. Every property has limitations, positives and negatives and cover is like any ag crop. it may not thrive on poor soils so we have to work with what we have to make it better and that friends is the point of my first comments in this thread. If your hoping to plant some magic crop that will suddenly draw herds of giant whitetails to your farm....you will end up sadly disappointed. Concentrate on the cover elements of your habitat puzzle as Job 1, first priority....the rest will be easy although challenging at times to keep them from running out of feed....
The following pictures are from one farm where we have one feeding area per 80 acres and out of 4 feeding areas, one is standing soybeans which like other posts I have shared, proves interesting. Any of these deer can easily walk a few hundred yards to the soybeans but...they are quite content to bed beside their food source and not expend any unnecessary energy traveling to another place, nor are they wiling to just move to the soybeans altogether...point being that good cover will hold the deer and they will in turn take advantage of almost any food source we plant for them...no "magic" required...
I LOVE rye!
oh yeah...me too!
no nasty ole soybeans for me!
I hate wheat!
Hey...a little humor never hurts...but these deer have great cover, timber that has had TSI done and more radical hinging in process and that combined with open areas planted to NWSG that all equals GREAT COVER...and a mess of hungry deer!
and that brings a lot of bucks that are not interested in eating...
Each field of the above mentioned mix is full of deer
and bucks that could care less if the field is soybeans, wheat, rye or marshmallows for that matter
If you want a field full of deer and eventually mature bucks...forget about the silly arguments over which food source or seed people do their best to convince you is best...create premium cover and the rest will fall into place....easy as pie....